People in India believe that the money they
deposit in a bank is absolutely secure whereas in reality, if the bank faces
any kind of issue say robbery, you might never get your money back.According to reports, IL&FS owes nearly Rs.
1 lakh crore to creditors, mutual funds & pensioners. Mortgage lender DHFL
owes more than Rs. 85000 crores to other financial firms & depositors. The
total outstanding bilateral exposures among the entities in the financial
system rose 15.4% to Rs. 36.3 lakh crore in march 2019. About 46% was accounted
for by banks & by mutual funds, 14.5%,12.7% by NBFCs & 8.7% for
mortgage lenders.
India had begun to follow the regulators across
the world, that is, avoiding quick actions in these matters instead of crisis
management formula, but was highly resisted by scared depositors &
political noise around ‘bailing-in’ failing banks with depositor funds. Until
two decades ago, India’s banking was almost state owned with a big chunk of the
deposits consumed by the state itself and the rest was lent to the industries.
Since then, the financial markets have expanded, creating a complex web, but
the deposit insurance lingered where it was. Another issue is that all the
institutions are regulated by different entities & collapse of one has a
domino effect on the rest.
The bedlam in the financial markets where
banks, non-banks & mutual funds are adjusting to different directions to
recover what is due to them is the perfect motive to revive the Financial
Resolution & Deposit Insurance (FRDI) bill,2017. The FRDI bill states that the
financial firms are dissimilar & should be handled individually. It aims
for setting up a resolution corporation (RC) that will identify early warning
signs of distress at financial institutions. There is a lot of misinformation around
the bill-in clause and the bill got into immense hullabaloo and never saw the
light of the day. Perhaps, it’s time to reconsider its implementation.
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